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The health crisis caused by COVID-19 has resulted in the physical and emotional deterioration of health personnel, especially nurses, whose emotional state is affected by the high risk of contagion, the high demands of health services, and the exhausting working hours. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between fear, anxiety, and fatigue of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in a second level public hospital in Peru. This study presents a quantitative approach and correlational level, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design. The sample consisted of 145 nurses who attended patients with COVID-19 in health care areas. The results show a significant relationship between fear of contagion and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 317) and a significant relationship between generalized anxiety and physical-cognitive fatigue (p < 0.001; r = 480). It is concluded that in this context, both fear of contagion and generalized anxiety are related to physical-cognitive fatigue.
RESUMEN
Objetivo Determinar en internos de ciencias de la salud si el autocuidado es un factor cuyo efecto directo sobre el bienestar mental es mediado por las actitudes y facilidades durante el internado, durante la segunda ola de pandemia COVID-19. Método Investigación transversal, correlacional multivariante. Participaron 174 internos en actividad asistencial, seleccionados con muestreo por conveniencia; se aplicaron tres escalas tipo autoinforme. Resultados Entre los internos de ciencias de la salud, ser mujer, tener familiar en casa contagiado de COVID-19 y presentar una percepción del estado de salud general desfavorable son factores de riesgo que incrementan la probabilidad de estado negativo de bienestar mental (1,9>OR<3,9); en tanto que el autocuidado junto a las actitudes y facilidades durante el internado se constituyen en factores protectores para contrarrestar la existencia de estado negativo de bienestar mental (OR<1; p<0,05). El modelo de regresión estructural evidencia que las variables autocuidado como las actitudes adoptadas y facilidades experimentadas por los estudiantes tienen efectos directos en el bienestar mental; asimismo, las actitudes y facilidades cumplen un rol de mediador entre autocuidado y bienestar mental (CFI=0,96; TLI=0,95; RMSEA y SRMR<0,08). El modelo en conjunto explica en 50,7% la variabilidad de bienestar mental. Conclusión El autocuidado es un factor cuyo efecto directo sobre el bienestar mental es mediado por las actitudes y facilidades en el internado durante la segunda ola de la pandemia COVID-19 en el año 2021.
Objective To determine in health sciences interns if self-care is a factor whose direct effect on mental wellness is mediated by attitudes and facilities during internship, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Cross-sectional, multivariate correlational research. 174 interns participated during the COVID-19 pandemic, selected by convenience sampling; three self-report scales were applied. Results Among the health sciences interns, being a woman, having a family member at home infected with COVID-19, and having an unfavorable general health status perception are risk factors that are likely to have a negative state of mental wellness (1.9>OR<3.9); while self-care together with attitudes and facilities during the internship are protective factors to counteract the existence of a negative state of mental wellness (OR<1; p<0.05). The structural regression model shows that self-care variables such as attitudes adopted, and facilities experienced by students in the internship have direct effects on mental wellness; likewise, attitudes and facilities play a mediating role between self-care and mental wellness (CFI=0.96; TLI=0.95; RMSEA and SRMR<0.08). The model as a whole explains 50.7% of the variability of mental wellness. Conclusion Self-care is a factor whose direct effect on mental wellness is mediated by attitudes and facilities in internship during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021.
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Objetivo: validar el instrumento: "Competencias del profesional de Enfermería en Salud" elaborado por la Asociación Americana de Enfermería en Salud Pública, USA, en contexto peruano. Material y métodos: estudio transversal, la población estuvo conformada por profesionales de Enfermería que laboran en el primer nivel de atención de una red de servicios del Ministerio de Salud de Lima norte, Perú. Se utilizó una muestra por conveniencia a 108 profesioanles. Se utilizaron las técnicas de juicio de expertos, análisis factorial y el alpha de Cronbach para la validez estadistica. Resultados: se presenta un instrumento con validez en su constructo de cuatro dimensiones, que evalúa 8 competencias con 48 actividades relacionadas con competencias del profesional de enfermería en salud pública, y con una buena confiabilidad con valores alpha de Cronbach de 0,959. Conclusiones: se cuenta con un instrumento que permitirá evaluar las competencias que debe tener un profesional de enfermería que desarrolla una actividad de salud publica en el primer nivel de atención, por lo que se sugiere aplicarlo en otros contextos del país, sin embargo, se necesita seguir realizando mas investigaciones que permitan cubrir otras competencias para estos profesionales.
Objetive: To validate the instrument: "Competencies of the Professional of Nursing in Public Health" elaborated by the American Association of Nursing in Public Health, Usa; in a Peruvian context. Material and Methods: A transversal study was applied, the population were profesionals of nursings that will work in the first level of attention of a Service network of the Ministry of Health of North Lima, Peru. A sample of convenience was applied to 108 professionals. The techniques of expert judment were used together with factorial analysis and the alpha of cronbach for teh statistic validation. Results: The factorial analysis identified 8 factors that evaluate 8 competencies with 48 activities related with competencies of the professional of nursinf in public health and with a good reliability with alpha of cronbach values of 0.959. Conclusion: An instrument is available to start an evaluation of the competencies that a professional of nursing, who develops an activity of public health in the first level of attention, should have, reason why it is suggested to apply it in other contexts of the country, however, more researches that allow to cover other competencies of this profession are needed.
Asunto(s)
Femenino , Competencia Profesional , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Enfermeras de Salud Pública , Enfermería , Salud Pública , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Estudios TransversalesRESUMEN
El presente módulo describe el marco conceptual de salud mental y desastres. Define y enfatiza los objetivos de la prevención primaria.
